Q. Define Data, Database and DBMS. Write about different data types in MS-Access.

Data:
Data can be defined as raw fact, which can or cannot have meaning. When data is processed it turns into information.

Database:
Organized collection of data is known as database which can be computerized or non computerized. Eg, dictionary, attendance registers etc.

DBMS:
Software that is designed to store, maintain, manipulate, process, retrieve and manage data in database in an organized form is known as DBMS (Database Management System). MS Access, MySQL, SQL Server etc are example of DBMS.

Different Data Types in MS Access are given below:
Types of data that a particular column or attribute can store is called data type. Following are some data types that can be used in MS-Access:
Text: Default data type which stores alphanumeric value
Number: stores numeric value
Date/Time: stores data in the format of date or time
Yes/No: Stored logical data that has only 2 options either True/False, Yes/No,On/Off etc.
OLE Object: Used to store Image or multimedia file

Data(डाटा):
अर्थ भएका अथवा नभएका हाम्रा वरपरका जुनसुकै तथ्यलाई data भनिन्छ Data लाई processing गरेपछि Information प्राप्त हुन्छ ।

Database(डाटाबेस):
Data को systematic संग्रहलाई database भनिछ । जुन computerized अथवा Non computerized दुवै हुन सक्छ। शब्दकोष, हाजिरी कापी आदि database का उदाहरण हुन् । non computerized. E.g. dictionary, attendance registers etc

DBMS:
Data entry गर्ने, भण्डार गरेर सुरक्षित राख्ने, आवश्यक हिसाब गर्ने तथा आवश्यकता अनुसार प्राप्त गर्ने प्रयोजनका लागि प्रयोग गरिने कम्प्युटर Software लाई DBMS (Database Management System) भनिन्छ । MS Access, MySQL, SQL Server आदी DBMS का उदाहरण हुन् ।

MS Access मा प्रयोग हुने Data Type
कुनै पनि कोलममा प्रविष्टि (Entry) गर्ने data को प्रकारलाई data type भनिन्छ । MS Access मा प्रयोग हुने केही प्रमुख Data type हरु निम्नानुसार छन्:

Text: यो default data type हो जसले अक्षर तथा अंक भएका डाटाहरु स्वीकार गर्छ ।
Number: यसले अंकका डाटाहरु मात्र स्वीकार गर्छ ।
Date / Time: मिति तथा समयका रुपमा data लाई भण्डार गर्छ ।
Yes/No: दुइटा मात्र विकल्प हुने Logical खालका डाटा store गर्छ जस्तो True/False, Yes/No, On/Off etc.
OLE Object यसले तस्वीर तथा अन्य मल्टिमिडिया फाइलहरु Store गर्छ ।